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Binodini’s increasing mental and sexual frustrations lead her on a path of revenge and manipulation. Binodini becomes envious of Asha and Mahin’s marital bliss and uses Mahin’s mother Rajlaxshmi’s dislike of Asha to manipulate her way into their lives. Binodini is rejected by Mahin, but he later marries the younger and uneducated Asha. It was first serialised in the Bengali literary magazine, Bangadarshan first founded in 1872 by Bankim Chanra Chattopodhay and later resuscitated under the editorship of Tagore in 1901.Ĭhokher Bali traces the story of Binodini – a beautiful, convent educated widow who cannot easily endure society’s negligence.

Rabindranath Tagore’s 1903 Bengali novel Chokher Bali is often referred to as India’s first modern novel, where he highlighted the issues of women’s education, child marriage and the treatment of widows in 19th and 20th century Bengal.

Her education was also unconventional for the time as their father, Debendranth, put a halt on her mechanically taught education at school, and brought in a male teacher, Ajodhyanath Prakash, a male outside in the women’s quarters, thus defying strong cultural norms.Īuthor: Rabindranath Tagore (translated by Sreejata Guha) Tagore’s sister Swarnakumari Devi was among the first Bengali women writers to gain prominence in India.

His writings affirm the inhumanity of preventing women from accessing the same educational upbringing as men. Tagore’s writing reveals him to be an advocate for women’s education.